Grade 5 math goals focus on building fluency in multi-digit operations, deepening understanding of fractions and decimals, and introducing foundational algebra and geometry concepts. Students broaden their understanding of parts or parts of a whole.
Here are the key learning objectives for fifth graders:
1. Number Sense & Place Value
- Understand place value for whole numbers and decimals up to the thousandths.
- Read, write, compare, and round multi-digit whole numbers and decimals.
- Use powers of 10 to understand place value shifts (e.g., 10 times greater or smaller).
2. Operations with Whole Numbers & Decimals
- Fluently multiply multi-digit numbers.
- Divide up to four-digit numbers by two-digit numbers.
- Divide using partial quotients and long division.
- Add, subtract, multiply, and divide decimals to the hundredths.
- Solve multi-step word problems using all four operations.
3. Fractions & Mixed Numbers
- Add and subtract fractions with unlike denominators.
- Multiply fractions and whole numbers, as well as fractions by fractions.
- Divide whole numbers by unit fractions and vice versa.
- Convert between improper fractions and mixed numbers.
- Model adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing fractions.
4. Measurement & Geometry
- Calculate the area, perimeter, and volume of geometric figures.
- Understand the coordinate plane and plot points in the first quadrant.
- Classify two-dimensional shapes based on properties (e.g., quadrilaterals, triangles).
5. Data, Graphing, & Probability
- Interpret and create line plots, bar graphs, and coordinate graphs.
- Solve problems using data from graphs.
6. Algebraic Thinking & Patterns
- Write and evaluate expressions using parentheses, brackets, or braces.
- Introduce simple algebraic equations.
- Identify and generate number patterns based on rules.
- Understand relationships between numerical expressions without solving (e.g., 2 × (3 + 4) vs. (2 × 3) + (2 × 4)).